Mejorando las habilidades de diseño en ingeniería de estudiantes superdotados de secundaria mediante una serie de módulos de ciencias enriquecidos
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Este estudio tiene como objetivo investigar los efectos de una serie de módulos enriquecidos, preparados para estudiantes superdotados de secundaria, sobre el desarrollo de habilidades de diseño en ingeniería. En este contexto, se elaboró una serie de módulos compuesta por veinte actividades. La serie de módulos se aplicó en un curso de ciencias y se analizó, verificó y explicó el efecto de dicha aplicación en las habilidades de diseño en ingeniería de los estudiantes. El estudio utilizó un diseño cuasiexperimental integrado mixto. El grupo de investigación estuvo conformado por 69 estudiantes superdotados de secundaria que cursan en un Centro de Ciencia y Arte (SAC) en Turquía. La aplicación duró 18 semanas, con 2 horas semanales. Los datos cuantitativos se recolectaron mediante la escala de habilidades del proceso de diseño en ingeniería. Los datos cualitativos se recolectaron mediante formularios de entrevista e informes de los estudiantes. Los datos cuantitativos se analizaron mediante ANCOVA y los cualitativos mediante análisis descriptivo y de contenido. Los resultados cuantitativos mostraron que la serie de módulos enriquecidos tuvo un efecto positivo en las habilidades de diseño en ingeniería de los estudiantes. Los datos cualitativos recolectados mostraron que la aplicación contribuyó especialmente en la identificación del problema, la determinación de necesidades y limitaciones, la revisión de la literatura, la generación de propuestas de solución, la planificación del proceso de diseño, el diseño, la prueba del diseño, el rediseño y la elaboración de informes.
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