Efeito da Iniciativa de Transparência para o setor extrativista no Peru
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32719/25506641.2022.11.5Palavras-chave:
Efeito da Iniciativa de Transparência, corrupção, Peru, MCS, transparênciaResumo
O problema da corrupção na América Latina tem uma longa história com raízes profundas. Os focos para tratar o tema da corrupção são diversos, contudo, produzem maior interesse os casos em que, tendo abundante riqueza natural, não conseguiram seu desenvolvimento pleno como nação. A Iniciativa para a Transparência das Indústrias Extrativas (EITI) foi implementada no Peru como uma proposta para abordar a corrupção e determinar sua contribuição na governabilidade do setor extrativo nacional e local em torno a melhores condições de transparência. Este estudo tem utilizado a teoria da maldição
dos recursos e a Metodologia de Controle Sintético (MCS) com a finalidade de analisar o efeito da EITI nos níveis de corrupção no país líder exportador minero como Peru. A MCS é ideal para amostras qualitativas em estudos de casos em ciência política, como é a intervenção da EITI no Peru. O caso constitui um aporte à literatura, toda vez que a maioria dos estudos relativos foram realizados na totalidade dos países, sendo poucos os estudos de casos individuais. Os resultados não se apresentam estatisticamente significativos depois de sua aplicação no tratamento de casos de corrupção do setor extrativo que, dadas suas características profundas, requer maior intervenção governamental e participação da sociedade civil; ou seja, a investigação mostra que a EITI não há tido efeito na redução da percepção da corrupção no Peru.
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