Medina, Alexis. “Building the Practical Republic: The State, Communication Routes, and Territorial Integration in Ecuador, 1883-1895”. Procesos. Revista Ecuatoriana de Historia, no. 49 (January 31, 2019): 77–102. Accessed December 5, 2025. https://revistas.uasb.edu.ec/index.php/procesos/article/view/1696.